SSTattler: Golf courses (links) in most of cities in Canada, USA, UK, ... understand and serve "Golfers with Disabilities" (i.e. stroke) and "Adaptive Golf Carts" -- see below.
See A Modification of the Rules of Golf for Golfers with Disabilities .
Golf From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
It is one of the few ball games that does not require a standardized playing area. Instead, the game is played on a golf course, generally consisting of an arranged progression of either 9 or 18 "holes". Each hole on the course must contain a "tee box" to start from and a "putting green" with the actual hole, and there are various other standardized forms of terrain in between such as the fairway, rough, and hazards, but each hole on a course and indeed among virtually all courses is unique in its specific layout and arrangement.
Golf competition is generally played for the lowest number of strokes by an individual, known simply as stroke play, or the lowest score on the most individual holes during a complete round by an individual or team, known as match play. Stroke play is the most commonly seen format at virtually all levels of play, although variations of match play such as "skins" games are also seen in televised events. Other forms of scoring also exist.
Origin
While the modern game of golf originated in 15th century Scotland, the game's ancient origins are unclear and much debated. Some historians trace the sport back to the Roman game of paganica, in which participants used a bent stick to hit a stuffed leather ball. One theory asserts that paganica spread throughout Europe as the Romans conquered most of the continent, during the first century BC, and eventually evolved into the modern game. Others cite chuiwan ("chui" means striking and "wan" means small ball) as the progenitor, a Chinese game played between the eighth and 14th centuries. A Ming Dynasty scroll dating back to 1368 entitled "The Autumn Banquet" shows a member of the Chinese Imperial court swinging what appears to be a golf club at a small ball with the aim of sinking it into a hole. The game is thought to have been introduced into Europe during the Middle Ages. Another early game that resembled modern golf was known as cambuca in England and chambot in France. This game was, in turn, exported to the Low Countries, Germany, and England (where it was called pall-mall, pronounced “pell mell”). Some observers, however, believe that golf descended from the Persian game, chaugán. In addition, kolven (a game involving a ball and curved bats) was played annually in Loenen, Netherlands, beginning in 1297, to commemorate the capture of the assassin of Floris V, a year earlier.The modern game originated in Scotland, where the first written record of golf is James II's banning of the game in 1457, as an unwelcome distraction to learning archery. To many golfers, the Old Course at St Andrews, a links course dating to before 1574, is considered to be a site of pilgrimage. Golf is documented as being played on Musselburgh Links, East Lothian, Scotland as early as 2 March 1672, which is certified as the oldest golf course in the world by Guinness World Records. The oldest surviving rules of golf were compiled in March 1744 for the Company of Gentlemen Golfers, later renamed The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers, which was played at Leith, Scotland. The world's oldest golf tournament in existence, and golf's first major, is The Open Championship, which was first played on 17 October 1860 at Prestwick Golf Club, in Ayrshire, Scotland.
Golf Course
A golf course consists of a series of holes, each with a teeing ground that is set off by two markers showing the bounds of the legal tee area, fairway, rough and other hazards, and the putting green surrounded by the fringe with the pin (normally a flagstick) and cup.The levels of grass are varied to increase difficulty, or to allow for putting in the case of the green. While many holes are designed with a direct line-of-sight from the teeing area to the green, some holes may bend either to the left or to the right. This is commonly called a "dogleg", in reference to a dog's knee. The hole is called a "dogleg left" if the hole angles leftwards and "dogleg right" if it bends right. Sometimes, a hole's direction may bend twice; this is called a "double dogleg".
A typical golf course consists of 18 holes, but nine-hole courses are common and can be played twice through for a full round of 18 holes.
Early Scottish golf courses were primarily laid out on links land, soil-covered sand dunes directly inland from beaches. This gave rise to the term "golf links", particularly applied to seaside courses and those built on naturally sandy soil inland.
The first 18-hole golf course in the United States was located on a sheep farm in Downers Grove, Illinois, in 1892. The course is still situated there today.
Play of the Game
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| 1=teeing ground, 2=water hazard, 3=rough, 4=out of bounds, 5=sand bunker, 6=water hazard, 7=fairway, 8=putting green, 9=flagstick, 10=hole |
Playing a hole on a golf course is initiated by putting a ball into play by striking it with a club on the teeing ground (also called the tee box, or simply the tee). For this first shot on each hole, it is allowed but not required for the golfer to place the ball on a tee prior to striking it. A tee in this last sense is a small peg which can be used to elevate the ball slightly above the ground up to a few centimetres high, which reduces the interference of the ground or grass on the movement of the club making the ball easier to hit, and also places the ball in the very center of the striking face of the club (the "sweet spot") for better distance. Tees are commonly made of wood but may be constructed of any material, including plastic. Traditionally, golfers used mounds of sand to elevate the ball, and containers of sand were provided for the purpose. A few courses still require sand to be used instead of peg tees, to reduce litter and reduce damage to the teeing ground.
When the initial shot on a hole is intended to move the ball a long distance (typically more than 225 yards), the shot is commonly called a "drive" and is generally made with a long-shafted, large-headed wood club called a "driver". Shorter holes may be initiated with other clubs, such as higher-numbered woods or irons. Once the ball comes to rest, the golfer strikes it again as many times as necessary using shots that are variously known as a "lay-up", an "approach", a "pitch", or a "chip", until the ball reaches the green, where he or she then "putts" the ball into the hole (commonly called "sinking the putt" or "holing out"). The goal of getting the ball into the hole ("holing" the ball) in as few strokes as possible may be impeded by obstacles such as areas of longer grass called "rough" (usually found alongside fairways) which both slows any ball that contacts it and makes it harder to advance a ball that has stopped on it; "doglegs", which are changes in the direction of the fairway that often require shorter shots to play around them; bunkers (or sand traps); and water hazards such as ponds or streams.
In stroke play competitions played according to strict rules, each player plays his or her ball until it is holed no matter how many strokes that may take, but in match play it is acceptable to simply pick up one's ball and "surrender the hole" after enough strokes have been made by a player that it is mathematically impossible for the player to win the hole. It is also acceptable in informal stroke play to surrender the hole after hitting three strokes more than the "par" rating of the hole (a "triple bogey" - see below); while technically a violation of Rule 3-2, this practice speeds play as a courtesy to others, and avoids "runaway scores", excessive frustration and injuries caused by overexertion.
Players can walk to their next shot or drive in golf carts over the course or along pathways beside it. The game can be played either individually or in groups and sometimes accompanied by caddies, who carry and manage the players' equipment and who are allowed by the rules to give advice on the play of the course. A caddy's advice can only be given to the player or players for whom the caddy is working, and not to competing players.
See the full article Rules and Regulations, Equipment, ... from:
Golf From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Golf Cart From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Golf carts come in a wide range of formats and are more generally used to convey small numbers of passengers short distances at speeds less than 15 mph (24 km/h) per ANSI Standard z130.1 as originally manufactured. They are generally around 4 feet (1.2 m) wide × 8 feet (2.4 m) long × 6 feet (1.8 m) high and weigh 900 pounds (410 kg) to 1,000 pounds (450 kg). Most are powered by 4-stroke engines.
The price of a golf cart can range anywhere from under US$1,000 to well over US$20,000 per cart, depending on several factors. These factors may include whether or not a fleet of carts is being purchased for a golf course or a country club, for example, and whether the carts are new or used. Other factors may include options such as equipment requirements, and how many people the cart is meant to transport. With the rise in popularity of golf carts, many golf clubs or country clubs offer storage and energy options to golf cart owners. This has led to the modification of golf carts to suit use at the particular golf course. Typical modification includes windshields, ball cleaners, cooler trays, upgraded motor or speed controller (to increase speed and/or torque), and lift kits.
Originally golf carts were electrically powered, but in time gasoline-powered variants started to occur. The electric variety is now used in many communities where their lack of pollutants, lack of noise, and safety for pedestrians and other carts (due to slow speeds) are beneficial. When purpose-built for general transportation these are called Neighborhood Electric Vehicles (NEVs), but with various operating limitations such as top speed and heavy regulation on which type of streets these types of carts are permitted to be used. These may resemble the golf carts shown above, although some are now being made with all-weather car-like bodies.
The minimum age to drive a golf cart is 13 in Alabama, California, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Rhode Island, and Vermont. In Florida, the minimum age is 14. In all the other states, the minimum age is 15.
Adaptive Golf Carts
New technology such as the SoloRider, an adaptive golf cart designed for a single user, is allowing disabled persons access to the golf course and the game itself. The cart’s seat swivels around, extends to an upright position, and allows the golfer to stand upright, be supported, and swing using both hands.
See the full article:
Golf Cart From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Stroke Victim Back on the Links
Published on Jul 26, 2012Dawn Boucher was a provincial golf champion at 18, but at the age of 45 her entire life came to a complete stop when she was suffered a stroke. Despite this life altering event, Dawn has managed to get back out on the links. Kevin Smith has her story of recovery and hope in Calgary.
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Saving Strokes - PGA Pros helping
Uploaded on Aug 19, 2011http://www.TargetCenteredGolf.com Saving Strokes and local PGA golf professionals team up to help stroke "victors" learn about and enjoy golf. For these golfers it's a chance to develop new skills. For Eric Jones and his fellow PGA pros, well, they just love to share their passion for the game. It's a thrill to see any golfer, no matter their skill level, take on a challenge. The courage of these golfers comes straight from the heart.
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Stroke Survivors' Golf League Helps Patients
Get Back Into the Swing of Things
Uploaded on Aug 21, 2011Members of Rehabilitation Institute of Michigan (RIM) Novi Center's Stroke Support Group are getting their lives and game back on course. The group recently started a golf league for stroke survivors and their family members. Some of the golfers are ambulatory and some golf from a specialized adapted golf cart. The cart has a swivel seat that allows golfers to hit the ball from a seated or supported standing position. According to RIM Novi's social worker and case manager, Jay Devereaux, the league has provided physical and psychological benefits. "Golf is a very physical game so it is great for them to be outside and exercising and from a psychological standpoint it is a huge self-esteem builder for them to be out here and enjoying something they loved prior to their stroke."
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Golf Therapy: Stroke Survivors Get Back on Course -
Alvarado Hospital
Uploaded on Jun 1, 2010Survivors of traumatic accidents, stroke and other neurological injuries make great strides in recovery by learning to play golf. PGA professional John Klein and Alvarado Hospital are leaders in using adaptive golf for rehabilitation.
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Bus 52 Presents: Fore Hope
Published on Nov 14, 2012Fore Hope, read more .... http://web.bus52.com/profiles/fore-hope/
For some, golf is a passion, for others it seems, as the saying goes, a good walk ruined, but rarely is it considered to be a means of therapeutic exercise. For years, Fore Hope has been helping people struck by illness or injury play golf, whether or not they've ever played before.
Fore Hope is "a therapeutic golf program to enhance quality of life for persons with disabilities, injuries, or illnesses," explains Mindy Derr, the organization's Founder and Executive Director.
Derr says that, "Our participants are here in Central Ohio and they come from referrals from hospitals, support groups, stroke support groups, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, they are people of all ages."
Inspired by her father -- who became disabled very soon after retiring in the early 1980s -- and his love of golf, Fore Hope shows people that no matter whether they have an injury, a disability, or have had a stroke, the game of golf is a wonderful way to rehabilitate and socialize.
Derr founded Fore Hope in 1989 and after first having success in Northern Ohio, on the banks of Lake Erie, she decided to move the nonprofit down to Central Ohio, based in Columbus, "where we could serve more people and raise more dollars," she explains.
When asked why she chose golf as a basis, Derr says, "Why not golf? Because golf is most amenable to people of all challenges in life socially, cognitively, physically and just by activity alone, and being outside, you improve one's life."
"As a lover of golf and growing up with a family history, first of all, it's in our DNA, and there's no way I could ever walk away from the game, it's just in our blood. And it's just the best sport that there is. It challenges you as an individual and also I think as a team."
Fore Hope's activities include a weekly league where, one-on-one, volunteers accompany the participants while they play a few holes. They are also accompanied by a golf pro and a recreational therapist who make sure to keep their golf game and therapy at the highest levels.
In the summer, they have sessions on the driving range, which switch to an indoor facility in the winter so people are able to continue practicing year-round, and they also run clinics in local nursing homes and hospitals.
Much of Fore Hope's success is due to its team of volunteers who go our each week during the leagues or who help out at the practices and clinics. They are also partnered with local golf courses that allow them to use their facilities and courses for league days.
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Stroke Survivors Get Back Into the Swing of Things
Published on May 2, 2013The 2nd annual Saving Strokes event took place at Stockdale country club to help stroke survivors get back on their feet.
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Saving Strokes Las Vegas - May 9, 2012
Published on Apr 29, 2012The American Heart Associations 'Saving Strokes' Golf Event for Stroke Survivors will be May 9th, 2012 at Angel Park Golf Course, 100 S Rampart Blvd, Las Vegas 89145.
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Adaptive Golf
Published on Sep 9, 2012This is a story of wounded soldiers and stroke survivors. The recreational rehabilitation that has changed their lives.
Produced by Derek Mitti © 2012
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Stroke Update - Jan 15, 2013
Published on Jan 15, 2013I can half-swing a golf club, and play a bit on the guitar. It's slowly coming...
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Disabled Golf
Published on Sep 7, 2012Disability golf in action...
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